More than the Winter Blues: Understanding Seasonal Affective Disorder

By: Dr. Jose E. Igoa
Psychiatrist and Medical Director at DHR Health Behavioral Hospital
5510 Raphael Drive Edinburg, TX 78539
If you or someone is experiencing a mental health crisis, call (956) 362-4357 (HELP) for support.

Many people experience the “winter blues” during colder months, feeling temporarily sad or low on energy. However, Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is more severe, causing depression that significantly disrupts daily life, making it hard to function at work, school, or in personal relationships.

SAD typically occurs during specific seasons, most often in the fall and winter when there are fewer hours of daylight. The lack of sunlight during these months can disrupt the body’s internal clock, affect sleep patterns, and impact hormones that regulate mood. SAD most often affects individuals between the ages of 18 and 30.

Individuals that are diagnosed with SAD will begin to experience common symptoms that are similar to Major Depressive Disorder such as low energy, irritability, trouble focusing, difficulty making decisions, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, weight changes, sleep problems (insomnia or oversleeping), social withdrawal, and losing interest in activities they once enjoyed. While symptoms of SAD often improve with the arrival of spring and longer days, they can still be overwhelming during the fall and winter months. For some people, the symptoms may not resolve on their own, which is why seeking early treatment and practicing self-care is so important.

The most common forms of treatment for SAD include light therapy, psychotherapy, and, in some cases, medications. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is especially effective for managing stress and encouraging engagement in pleasant or meaningful activities. It is important to consult with your primary care physician (PCP) to rule out other medical concerns and ensure an accurate diagnosis. Discussing the benefits and risks of direct sunlight exposure with your PCP can also be helpful. Lastly, maintaining overall health and well-being through regular exercise, a balanced diet, getting enough sleep, and social activities like volunteering or spending time with loved ones can support symptom management.

If you or someone you know is struggling with severe depression or suicidal thoughts, consult your doctor right away or go to the nearest emergency hospital for assistance. The 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline offers crisis prevention tools for you and your loved ones, as well as free and confidential support 24/7. You can call or text 988 or visit 988lifeline.org.

About Dr. Igoa

Dr. Igoa, Psychiatrist and Medical Director of DHR’s Health Behavioral Hospital, specializes in diagnosing and treating a wide range of mental, behavioral, and emotional conditions. With 40 years of experience, Dr. Igoa remains dedicated to improving the mental health and wellbeing of individuals.

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